DESIGN OF NANOROBOTS:
The nanorobots that we describe here will be floating freely inside the body exploring and detect the HIV virus. So, while designing such a nanorobot for AIDS treatment, the main factors that are to be considered are given below.
TECHNIQUE USED:
We use the bottom-up approach, which involves assembling structures atom-by-atom or molecule-by-molecule which will be useful in manufacturing devices used in medicine.
SIZE:
Nanorobots will typically be .5 to 3 microns large with 1-100 nm parts. Three microns is the upper limit of any nanorobot because nanorobots of larger size will block capillary flow.
STRUCTURE:
The nanorobot’s structure will have two spaces that are
Interior:
It will be a closed, vacuum environment into which liquids from the outside cannot normally enter unless it is needed for chemical analysis.
Exterior:
It will be subjected to various chemical liquids in our bodies.
CHEMICAL ELEMENTS:
Carbon will likely be the principal element comprising the bulk of a medical nanorobot, probably in the form of diamond or diamondoid/fullerene nanocomposites largely because of the tremendous strength and chemicalinertness of diamond. Many other light elements such as hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen,nitrogen, fluorine, silicon, etc. may also be used.
ABILITY TO DEFEND FROM IMMUNE SYSTEM:
Immune system response is primarily a reaction to a "foreign" surface.. Passive diamond exteriors may turn out to be ideal. Several experimental studies hint that the smoother and more flawless the diamond surface, the less leukocyte activity and the less fibrinogen adsorption we will get. So it seems reasonable to hope that when diamond coatings can be laid down with almost flawless atomic precision, making nanorobot exterior surfaces with near-nanometer smoothness that these surfaces may have very low bioactivity. Due to the extremely high surface energy of the passivated diamond surface and the strong hydrophobicity of the diamond surface, the diamond exterior is almost completely chemically inert and so opsonization should be minimized. If flawless diamond surfaces alone do not prove fully bioinactive as hoped, active surface management of the nanorobot exterior can be used to ensure complete nanodevice biocompatibility. Allergic and shock reactions are similarly easily avoided.
